Concern has recently emerged about a group of trace organic compounds identified in the aquatic environment which might affect reproduction and development of wildlife species and humans due to endocrine disruption (Colborn et al., 1996; Roefer et al., 2000).

The goal of this project was to develop a sampling and testing algorithm to support the new site assessment requirements under the Revised Total Coliform Rule (RTCR) consistent with the “find and fix” goals of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR).

In Eastern Wisconsin, water levels over large regions have decreased due to many wells pumping from beneath a confining layer. This combination of geology and cumulative pumping from the wells has resulted in a large regional drawdown cone centered around Brown County, Wisconsin.

This report documents data and information gathering efforts for 2013 through 2015 that support groundwater management activities in the Wisconsin central sands.

Enteric viruses, because of their small size, have a high potential to move deeply through the subsurface environment, penetrate aquitards, and reach confined aquifers.

This project directly addressed the need for comprehensive and widespread information on spring hydrology in Wisconsin to assess impacts of high-capacity wells on spring flow rates and to characterize the susceptibility of certain spring types to impacts as a result of groundwater drawdown.